EMDR
What is EMDR?
EMDR is a psychotherapy method that encourages patients to briefly focus on traumatic memories while simultaneously experiencing bilateral stimulation, typically through guided eye movements1. This process is associated with a reduction in the vividness and emotional impact of trauma memories1.
Key Features
- Structured approach: EMDR follows a specific protocol with eight phases of treatment.
- Bilateral stimulation: Usually involves side-to-side eye movements, but can also include alternating sounds or taps.
- Focus on memory processing: Aims to change how traumatic memories are stored in the brain.
- Time-limited: Often requires fewer sessions compared to other psychotherapies.
How EMDR Works
EMDR is based on the Adaptive Information Processing model, which posits that traumatic memories are stored differently in the brain compared to normal memories. The therapy aims to, access traumatic memories, experience these memories along with bilateral stimulation in the presence of the therapist, and integrate new, adaptive information into the memory network.
This process helps the brain recruit its natural healing and allows normal memory processing to occur.
Applications
While primarily used for PTSD, EMDR has shown effectiveness in treating:
- Anxiety and panic attacks
- Depression
- Chronic pain
- Eating disorders
- Grief and loss
- Performance anxiety
- Various trauma-related issues
Effectiveness and Recognition
EMDR is widely recognized as an effective treatment for PTSD by several organizations, including the World Health Organization and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.
Important Considerations
- It does not require detailed descriptions of traumatic events or homework between sessions.
- The number of sessions can vary depending on the individual's progress.